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Thymosin beta-4 is a naturally occurring 43-amino-acid peptide central to actin regulation, cell migration, and tissue repair. Full-length thymosin beta-4 (distinct from the TB-500 fragment marketed in research-chemical channels) has been evaluated in early human clinical trials for indications such as dry eye and wound healing. It is not FDA-approved; evidence is a mix of early-phase human trials and extensive preclinical work.

TB-500 is a synthetic peptide corresponding to the active region of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring protein involved in actin regulation and cell migration. Animal studies investigate roles in wound healing and tissue repair. It is not FDA-approved and lacks published human randomized controlled trials. It is used in research contexts to study recovery and angiogenesis.